客户端 JavaScript 调用 ASP.NET WebService 的方法除了采用 WebServer.htc 和 构造 SOAPAction 的方法外，下面介绍一个采用 Ajax 调用的简单方法，并且可以传递参数。其实，ASP.NET WebService 就是一个网站，所以，Request 对象是可用的，这样，传递参数就很容易了。下面是一个WebService1.asmx的代码
ASMX 代码
<% @ WebService Language = " C# " CodeBehind = " WebService1.asmx.cs " Class = " WebService1 " %>
C# 代码
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; using System.Data;
/// <summary> /// Summary description for WebService1 /// </summary> [WebService(Namespace = " http://tempuri.org/ " )] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem( false )] // To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line. // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService] public class WebService1 : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod] // 字符串返回测试 public string GetServerTime() { return " 当前服务器时间： " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } [WebMethod] // long 类型返回测试 public long GetServerTimeTicks() { return DateTime.Now.Ticks; } [WebMethod] // Datatable返回测试 public DataTable GetTestDataTable() { DataTable dt = new DataTable( " TestTable " ); DataRow dr; dt.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( " id " , typeof (Int32))); dt.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( " text " , typeof ( string ))); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 6 ; i ++ ) { dr = dt.NewRow(); dr[ 0 ] = i; dr[ 1 ] = " 列表项目 " + i.ToString(); dt.Rows.Add(dr); } return dt; } [WebMethod] // List 类型测试 public List < User > GetTestUser() { // 传递参数传测试 string param = this .Context.Request.QueryString[ " param " ]; if (param == null ) param = this .Context.Request.Form[ " param1 " ]; List < User > u_list = new List < User > (); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i ++ ) { User u = new User(); u.Name = " LoginName " + i.ToString() + " param = " + param; u.Title = " 孟宪会 " + i.ToString(); u_list.Add(u); } return u_list; } // 定义一个对象 User public class User { public String Name { get ; set ; } public String Title { get ; set ; } } }
客户端调用的代码：
HTML 代码
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" > < html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > < head runat ="server" > < title > JavaScript 调用 ASP.NET Web 服务测试 </ title > < script type ="text/javascript" > var xmlHttp = null ; function createXMLHttpRequest() { try { if (window.XMLHttpRequest) xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); else if (window.ActiveXObject) xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject( " Microsoft.XMLHTTP " ); } catch (ex) { } } function AsynRequest() { createXMLHttpRequest(); if (xmlHttp == null ) { alert( " 不能创建 XmlHttpRequest 对象 " ); return ; } xmlHttp.open( " GET " , " WebService1.asmx/GetTestUser?param=net_lover " , true ); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Connection " , " close " ); xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () { if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ) { if (xmlHttp.status == 200 ) { var userList = xmlHttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName( " User " ); for (i = 0 ; i < userList.length; i ++ ) { document.getElementById( " get1 " ).innerHTML += userList[i].getElementsByTagName( " Name " )[ 0 ].firstChild.nodeValue + " ： " ; document.getElementById( " get1 " ).innerHTML += userList[i].getElementsByTagName( " Title " )[ 0 ].firstChild.nodeValue + " <br/> " ; } } } }; xmlHttp.send(); } function AsynPostRequest() { createXMLHttpRequest(); if (xmlHttp == null ) { alert( " 不能创建 XmlHttpRequest 对象 " ); return ; } var data = " param1=abc " ; xmlHttp.open( " POST " , " WebService1.asmx/GetTestUser?t= " + Date.parse( new Date()), true ); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-type " , " application/x-www-form-urlencoded " ); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-length " , data.length); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Connection " , " close " ); xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () { if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ) { if (xmlHttp.status == 200 ) { var userList = xmlHttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName( " User " ); for (i = 0 ; i < userList.length; i ++ ) { document.getElementById( " post1 " ).innerHTML += userList[i].getElementsByTagName( " Name " )[ 0 ].firstChild.nodeValue + " ： " ; document.getElementById( " post1 " ).innerHTML += userList[i].getElementsByTagName( " Title " )[ 0 ].firstChild.nodeValue + " <br/> " ; } } } }; xmlHttp.send(data); } </ script > </ head > < body > < input type ="button" value ="GET 方法调用" onclick ="AsynRequest()" /> < input type ="button" value ="POST方法调用" onclick ="AsynPostRequest()" /> < div id ="get1" ></ div > < div id ="post1" ></ div > </ body > </ html >
需要注意的是：使用此方法需要在web.config里加入以下的配置：
web.config 代码
< system.web > < webServices > < protocols > < add name = "HttpPost" /> < add name = "HttpGet" /> </ protocols > </ webServices > </ system.web >